Interfacing Servo Motor with 8051 using Keil C

Interfacing Servo Motor with 8051 using Keil C

A servo motor uses servo mechanism, which is a closed loop mechanism that uses position feedback to control the precise angular position of the shaft. Stepper Motors, which is an open loop system can also be used for precise angular control. But Servo Motors are preferred in angular motion applications such as robotic arm. Moreover controlling of servo motors are very simple, easy and needs no extra hardware like stepper motor. Usually hobby circuit servo motors have three wires. Two of them are red and black which is used to give power to the motor and the third wire is used to provide control signal for angular position. It uses Pulse Width Modulated (PWM) waves as control signals. The angle of rotation is determined by the width of the pulse at the control pin. The servo motor used here is having angle of rotation from 0 to 180 degrees. We can control the exact angular position by varying the pulse between 1ms to 2ms. Before using this in your application, please refer the datasheet of your servo for angle and pulse width informations.

Controlling Angular Position of Servo Motor using Pulse Width Modulation
Controlling Angular Position of Servo Motor using Pulse Width Modulation

Circuit Diagram

Interfacing Servo Motor with 8051 - Circuit Diagram
Interfacing Servo Motor with 8051 – Circuit Diagram

8MHz crystal is used to provide the required clock for 8051 microcontroller and 22pF capacitors are used to stabilize the operation of crystal. 10KΩ resistor and 10μF capacitor is used to provide the required Power On Reset (POR) to the microcontroller. Control of Servo Motor is connected to first pin of Port 2.

Keil C Code

#include<reg52.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include <intrins.h>

sbit motor_pin = P2^0;
void Delay(unsigned int);
void Delay_servo(unsigned int);
void main()
{
  motor_pin = 0;

  do
  {
    //Turn to 0 degree
    motor_pin = 1;
    Delay_servo(50);
    motor_pin = 0;

    Delay(1000);

    //Turn to 90 degree
    motor_pin=1;
    Delay_servo(82);
    motor_pin=0;

    Delay(1000);
    //Turn to 180 degree
    motor_pin=1;
    Delay_servo(110);
    motor_pin=0;

    Delay(1000);
  }while(1);
}

void Delay(unsigned int ms)
{
  unsigned long int us = ms*1000;
  while(us--)
  {
    _nop_();
  }
}

void Delay_servo(unsigned int us)
{
  while(us--)
  {
    _nop_();
  }
}

Download Here

You can download Keil C files and Proteus files here…


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  • very good article, cleared all my concepts of controlling the servo by using PWM .The simulation worked very well on proteus. Now i hope i can control this hobby servos with industrial PLC.

  • Are you sure those connection were correct ? It won’t damage the servo even if you provide wrong signals from the microcontroller. Most probably you given motor power supply to the signal input terminal.

  • i tried this code in Tower Pro M G 90S micro servo and 89s52 controller,sadly my servo become very hot and now its not working,i tried the same thing on another servo…i lost that one tooo.. 🙁 plz help

  • hi
    can you please explain delay calculation behind the figures 50 ,82 and 110
    i mean what is the formula behind it

  • Hello sir..
    sir i want coding of servo motor in assembly language that servo motor rotate in clockwise as well as anti-clockwise.
    please guide me sir.
    i will be thankul to you…


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